Method and means for making alpha textile product



June17, 1930. w. NICQLET 1,7 4,575

METHOD'AND MEANS FOR MAKING A TEXTILE PRODUCT Filed May 26, 1927 4 Sheets-Sheet l June 17,1930. "w, NIC'OLET 1,764,575

METHOD AND MEANS FOR MAKING A TEXTILE PRODUCT Filed May 26. 1927 4 Sheets-Sh eet' 2 Fig; 4.

June 17, 1930. w. NICOLET 1764,575

METHOD AND mums FOR MAKING A TEXTILE PRODUCT Filed May 26, 192'! 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 June 17, 1930. w. NICOLET 1,764,575

METHOD AND MEANS FOR MAKING A TEXTILE PRODUCT Filed May 26, 1927 4 Sheets-Siles a 4 Patented June 17, 1930 UNITED STATES WALTER NICOLET, OF LEIPZIG, GERMANY METHOD AND MEANS FOR MAKING- A TEXTILE PRODUCT -Appl,ication filed May 26, 1927,. Serial No. 194,382, and in Germany Jane 3, 1888.

copending application for patent of the United States, Serial No. 73,718, filed Decem- 1 ber 7, 1925, in which two groups of warp threads extending at an angle to each other were acted upon-to form two sheds, one in front of the other, a Weft or wefts being en tered into these sheds either simultaneously or one after the other. The warp threads belonging to the two groups were guided in the teeth of combs, one such comb being provided for each group and these guide combs were reciprocated vertically to form sheds, the casting of the weft onto'the fabric being effected by means of reeds reciprocating substantially in horizontal direction. The weft material was entered into'the sheds by means of shuttles of different kinds. a The present improvement is more particularl concerned with the passing of the wefts through the front shed; It further concerns means, whereby the weft is held in position during and after the weaving 0p- 80 eration and it comprises also the novel kind of fabric obtained in. the operation of my invention.

The entering of the weft in the front shed is effected according to this invention only In from one side of the loom, the weft threadbeing guided by a needle provided with an eye t rough which extends the thread wound on the stationary weft bobbin. When entering. the needle and weft thread in the front shed, a loop is formed, the -two parts of which are cast onto the fabric segarately. The loop formed in entering the t read is held in osition by means of a tooth gripping t e same-shortly before the needle .45 starts on its returnstroke, and this tooth is the rear shedduring angle formed by the two groups of warp O0 is illustrated diagrammatically by way of w example.

In the drawings---- Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic plan view showing the two groups of warp threads, the

needle and the way in which this needle enters the weft threads in the frontshed. F Fig. 2 is a side elevation corresponding to Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1 and showin the needle on its return stroke.

ig. 4 is aside elevation corresponding to Fig. 3.

Figs. 5 8 show the means for holding the weft in position during and after the weaving, Figs. 5 and 7 being side elevations, while 55 Figs. 6 and 8 are plan views.

Referring to the drawings, 1 and 2 are the two warp beams, 3 and 4 are the two groups .of warp threads and 5 and 7 are the vertically reci rocable combs guiding the warp threa and moving in .oppos1te direction. If the eyes of the combs are in line with each other, the threads of both groups extend from the combs towards the edge 8 of the fabric in one plane, while forming an 7 angle towards the two warp beams. If the two combs are then moved in opposite directions away from each other, the angle will open towards the fabric. On the other hand if the two combsare moved past each other, there is formedbesides the open shed directed towards the warp beams another, shedwhich is closed and is directed towards the fabric. As explained above, weft 85 threads are entered into both these sheds, these threads being cast onto the fabric one after the other, the weft extending through the time, when the threads is open from the edge of the fabric on.

As far as the present invention is concerned, the entering of theweft in the rear V shed is of no particularirnportance and it is assumed for the purpose ofthisinvention that a simple weft thread is entered into the rear shed by means ofa needle 50 moving at ri t angles to and between the rear ends of t e warp threads. According to the present invention the weft to be entered in the front shed is always-introduced from one side of the loom in the form of a loop. The insertion of this loop isefiected by means of a needle 21 with; an eye'22 through which extends the thread of the weft bobbin. To the needle 21 is-secured near the eye 22 and on the side facing-the fabric 8 a sari-Lap iifivghiclfi is also provided pith an we r te two ups'o wa have beenmoved the positio n shown in Fig. 2, where the closed front shed has been formed, the needle 21 carrying the weft thread enters into this shed. The strap :5 23 provides that the two parts of the weft forming the loop are spaced a considerable distance so that a reed made up of a series of dents 25 extending through the from below can enter the loop after the needle has reached the endof its course. In this position the needle 21 remains stationary until the reed 25 rock-ing about a shaft 26 has cast onto, the edge of the fabric that part of the loop which faces this edge. While this is effected atooth 29 forming apzrt of an arm 28 intermittently roc ut a bolt 27-ismoved in position behin the (part of the weft which has. been cast on, an retains the loo when the reed 25 has been rocked backwar and the needle 21 is withdrawn from the shed. When the necdle'21 has reached'its initia'l'position, the read 25, being inserted anew in' the warp, will cast the rear part'of the loop onto the edge of the fabric after the fabric has first been wound up b positive action. The sheds are now chan and the tooth 29 'is withdrawn from the loop, which is now tied up in the fabric. After the fabrichas been wound up a further step, the weft thread 11 introduced into the rear shed and edge of the fabric, whereupon the two groups of wa threads are crossed again and after a erwinding up of the fabric the cycle of operations is started afresh.

,By en the weft threads in the front pushed. forward by suitable means is cast onto the.

or shouldthread is caught by it, while the other part is left behind. In such a case the reed in rockin part 0% the weft. If the bars of the reed were'form'ed as usual, they would force this part of the weft across the warp threads and these latter would be stretched to such an extent that theywould be torn as a rule.

However, any tearing of warp threads amounts to a stopping of the loom and to a diminution of output. In order toprevent this, the single members constituting the reed have outwardly curved backs, the V convex edge facing the combs 5, 7. If a reed thus shaped meets parts of the weft which happen to be left behind, it will owing to its'convex rear edge merely force the weft thread backwards without forcing it across the warp threads and these latter threads are therefore protected-against tearshown in Figs. 1 and 3, the finished fabric has a closed edge only on that side, on which the front weft is entered, while on the other side the warp threads are not tied up and can therefore easily be withdrawn from the fabric. However, if the outermost war threads are loosened, the weft threads will also lose their support on this side. In order to obviate-thls drawback, a separate edge warp thread 30 is provided, which comes from a. bobbin 31 and is guided by a lever 32 provided with an eye,

but has no connection with the combs 5, 6'

and is not moved together with the warp threads 3, 4. To lever 32 is imparted an independent reciprocatory, movement of its own, whenever t e thread guide,20 for the rear weft returns from that side, where the edge warp thread 30 is arranged, towards backwards would meet this latter the side, where the front weft thread is entered. Owing to this arran ment -the edge warp thread is embraced y the rear weft thread and is thus fixed in the fabric. On the other hand the edge warp thread ties u the loop formed in the rear weft threa by. a reciprocatory movement of the thread guide 20 imparted to it from that side of the fabric, on which the front weft is entered, while the rear weft thread is tied up on the other side as usual. It is true that the loop entered in the front shed is not tied up at that edge of the fabric where the edge warp thread is arranged, however, this is of no importance as far as the strength of the fabric is concerned.

I wish itto be understood that I do not desire to be limited to the exact details of weaving comprising moving the warp threads so as to form a shed and inserting in sheds, one to the rear of the other, passing said shed a weft in the form of a loop and casting on first that part of the loop which faces-the edge of the fabric, and only thereafter the other part.

2. The method of producing a fabric by weaving comprising moving the warp threads so as to form-in each operation two sheds, one to the rear of the other and passing a weft through each shed, the .weft entered in the front shed having the form of a loop and the two parts of this loop being cast on separately. v

3. The method of producing a fabric by weaving comprising moving the warp threads, so as to form a shed and passing a weft through said shed, the weft being entered always from one and the same side and having the form of a loop, the two parts of this 100 being cast on separately.

4. The method of producing a fabric by weaving comprising moving the warp threads so as to form ashed, passing a weft through said shed, having the form of a loop and the two parts ,of this loop being'cast '25 on one afterthe other, ripping this loop and releasing same'only s ortly before its rear part is cast on.

5. The method of producing a fabric by weaving comprising moving the warp threads so as to form in each operation two a weft through each shed, the weft being entered in the front shed always from one and the same side and having the form of. a loop casting on the two parts of this loop and moving the outermost warp thread on the opposite side independently of the other warp threads in .such manner that it. is tied up by the weft entered in the rear shed.

6. A loom comprising means for moving the warp threads so as to form two sheds,

' one tothe rearof the other, in alternate shedding operations, means for entering a weft thread be "ing the form of a loop in the front shedand a sin le weft thread in the rear shed and means or casting the two parts of the looped weft on separately.

7. A loom comprising meansfor moving the warp threads so as to form two sheds, one to the rear of the other yin alternate shedding operations, a needle with an eye for entering a weft thread in the front shed in form of a loop, separate means for entering a weft thread in the rearshed and means for casting the two parts of the looped weft on separately. 1

8. A loom comprising means for moving.

the warp threads so as to form two sheds, one to the rear of the other, in alternate shedding operations, means for entering a weft thread having the form of a loop in the front shed and a single weft thread in the rear shed means for gripping-said loop shortly before said thread entering means starts on its rear stroke and means for easting on said .Weft' threads.

9. A loom comprising means for moving the warp threads so as to form two sheds,

one to the rear of the other, in alternate one to the rear of the other, in alternateshedding operations, means for entering a weft thread having the form of a loop in the front shed always from one and the same side and a single weft threadin the rear shed and means for casting the two parts of the looped weft on separately.

11. A loom comprising means for moving the warp threads so as to form two sheds, one to the rear of the other, in alternate shedding operations, means for entering a weft thread having the form of a loop in the front shed always from one and the same side, and a single weft. thread in the rear shed means for casting on said weft threads and means for moving the outermost warp thread on the opposite side independently of the other warp threads in such manner that it is tied up by the weft entered in the rear shed.

12. A loom comprising meansfor moving the warp threads so as to form two sheds, one to the rear of the other, in alternate shedding operations, a needle with an eye for entering a weft thread in the front shed in form of a loop, weft-guiding means on said needle, near the eye forming part thereof, for keeping the two parts of said loop in spaced relation and separate means for enterin a weft thread in the rear shed and means r casting on said weft threads.

13. A loom comprising means for moving the warp threads so as to form two sheds, one to the rear of the other, in alternate shedding operations, a needle with an e e for entering a weft thread in the front shed in form of a loop, strap-shaped weftiding means on said needle, near the eye orming part thereof, for keeping the two parts of said loop in spaced relation and separate means for entering a weft thread in the rear shed and means for casting on said weft threads.

14. A loom comprising means for moving the warp threads so as to form two sheds,

one to the rear of the other, in alternate. shedding operations, means for entering a weft thread having the form of a loop'in the front shed and at single weft thread in the rear shed and'a reed and dents thereon having outwardly curved backs for casting on the front part of said loop and means for castin on the rear part thereof and the single we thread.

15. The method of producing a fabric by weaving comprising moving the warp threads so .as to form a shed and inserting in said shed-a weft in the form of a loop,

, the two parts of the weft thread forming the loop being spaced a considerable distance, and cast ng on first that part of the loop which faces the edge of the fabric, and onlfi'l thereafter the other part.

testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

WALTER NICOLET. 

